Element: a substance that cannot be further reduced to simpler substance using chemical methods
Compound: a combination of 2 or more elements in a definite proportion
Mixture: an impure substance which consists of 2 or more pure substances physically combined together.
Solute: A substance that dissolves in a liquid
Solvent: A liquid which dissolves the solute
Solution: A mixture obtained by mixing a solute and solvent
Solubility: maximum amount of solute that can dissolve in a given amount of solvent at a given temperature
Rate of dissolution: indicates how fast the solute will dissolve in a solvent
Traditional methods of separation: hand-picking, winnowing, threshing, churning, sieving.
Handpicking: method used for separating larger sized impurities
Winnowing: Agricultural method used for separating grain from its chaff
Threshing: separation of grains/ seed from husk and straw
Churning: process of separation in which whole milk or its cream is shaken up to make butter
Sieving: separating particles of different sizes
Sedimentation: separating two substances in a mixture. It occurs due to the movement of particles in a mixture in response to an external force such as gravity
Decantation: separating a liquid from an insoluble solid. Also used to separate two immiscible liquids.
Evaporation: separating a dissolved solid from a solution
Distillation: separating mixture based on differences in their boiling point
Filtration: removal of insoluble substance from a liquid
Condensation: change in the state of a substance from gaseous to liquid state
Crystallization: formation of solid crystals precipitating from a solution
Sublimation: a solid directly changes to gaseous state without going to liquid state
Centrifugation: separating the components of a mixture based on their different densities
CHEMISTRY-2 MATTER
Posted in Uncategorized 02. Oct, 2012 · Edit
MATTER
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